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SACCARUM (ancient Rome) = SUGAR (crude, unrefined).

SAETINA (Italian) = ground CHILIS.

SAFFLOWER = Carthamus tinctorius. This is a much less expensive adulterant/substitute for Saffron. It will give a colour similar to Saffron, but not the flavour. [we do not at present carry this].

SAFFRAN (Swedish) = Saffron (Spices).

Saffron (Spices) = Crocus sativus. It takes 70,000 to 80,000 flowers, each with 3 stigmas, to make 1 pound of saffron.

SAFFRON, AMERICAN = SAFFLOWER.

SAFFRON, CAPE = CAPE SAFFRON.

SAFFRON, MEXICAN = SAFFLOWER.

SAFRAN (French, German) = Saffron (Spices).

SAGE = Salvia officinalis. [we do not at present carry this].

SAGE, CLARY = CLARY

SAKKHAREN (ancient Greek) = SUGAR (crude, unrefined)

SALBEI (German) = SAGE.

SALEP or SALOP = root of Orchis latifolia, washed, dried, and ground into powder. A gelatinous floury material used for making soups and jellies, or mixed with boiling water for a milky drink. [we do not at present carry this].

SA LEUNG GEUNG (Chinese) = Lesser Galingale (Spices).

SALSA (Portuguese) = PARSLEY.

SALT, BLACK = Black Salt (Spices).

SALTPETRE = Potassium nitrate, a salt used in preserving meats and other foods. Use very sparingly--it is harmful in large quantity.

SALVIA (Italian, Spanish, Swedish) = SAGE.

Salvia officinalis = SAGE.

Salvia sclarea = CLARY.

SAMBAL is an Indonesia chili relish. There are several varieties.

SANCHAL (India) = Black Salt (Spices).

SANDALO (Italian) = SANDALWOOD.

SANDALWOOD = Santalum album. [we do not at present carry this].

SANDELHOLZ (German) = SANDALWOOD.

SANSHO (Japan) = Szechuan Pepper (Spices).

Santalum album = SANDALWOOD.

SAREPTA MUSTARD = BROWN MUSTARD SEED.

SARRIETTE (French) = SAVORY.

SARSAPARILLA = Smilax officinalis. South American plant with cord-like roots, which are dried and used to make soft drinks and and as a tonic. [we do not at present carry this].

SASSAFRAS = Sassafras albidum. Tree of the laurel family, with aromatic bark and leaves. The root is used in root beer. The leaves are dried and powdered to make FILÉ powder. [we do not at present carry this].

SATUREIA (ancient Rome) = SAVORY.

SAUCE ALONE (England) = local name for GARLIC MUSTARD.

SAUGE (French) = SAGE.

SAUNF (India) = Anise Seed (Spices) or Fennel Seed (Spices).

SAVORY, GARDEN = SUMMER SAVORY.

SAVORY, SPANISH = WINTER SAVORY.

SAVORY, SUMMER = SUMMER SAVORY.

SAVORY, WINTER = WINTER SAVORY.

Schinus molle = Pink Pepper (Spices).

SCHLANGENKRAUT (German) = TARRAGON.

SCHWARZER SENF (German) = Mustard Seed (Black)(Spices).

SCHWARZ KÜMMEL (German) = Nigella Seed (Spices).

SCORZA DI NOCE MOSCATA (Italian) = Mace (Spices).

SCREWPINE = Pandanus odoratissimus. The leaf is used in Malay, Thai, and Indonesian cooking. [we do not at present carry this].

SEA-HOLLY = ERYNGO.

SEA MOSS = CARRAGEEN.

SELER (Polish) = CELERY.

SEMEN RUTAE (ancient Rome) = the seed of Rue (Spices).

SEMI DI FINOCCHIO (Italian) = Fennel Seed (Spices).

SENAP (Swedish) = MUSTARD SEED, in general.

SENAPE (Italian) = MUSTARD SEED, in general.

SENAPE NERO (Italian) = Mustard Seed (Black)(Spices).

SENF (German) = MUSTARD SEED, in general.

SENNEP (Danish) = MUSTARD SEED.

SENVY (Old English) = MUSTARD SEED.

SEREH (Indonesia, Malaysia) = LEMON GRASS.

SESAME SEED = Sesamum indicum [we do not at present carry this].

SESAMUM (ancient Rome) = SESAME SEED.

Sesamum indicum = SESAME SEED.

SHAHI JEERA (India) = Black Cumin (Spices)

SHALLOT = Allium ascalonicum. A small member of the onion family.

SHIA JEERA (India) = Caraway Seed (Spices).

SHICHIMI or SHICHIMI TOGARASHI is a Japanese 'seven-spice' mix of white sesame seeds, sansho, nori (dried laver seaweed), tangerine peel, togarashi (chili powder), black sesame seeds, and poppy seeds.

SHUNIZ (medieval Persian) = Nigella Seed (Spices).

SIAM INGWER (German) = Lesser Galingale (Spices).

SICHUAN PEPPER = Szechuan Pepper (Spices).

SILPHIUM (ancient Roman) = This most prized of spices of the ancient Romans came from a North African plant which by the end of the first century A.D. had been gathered to extinction. There seems to be general agreement among the scholars that it was probably a member of the Ferula family, so the best available modern substitute is Asafetida (Spices).

SILPHIUM PARTHICUM (ancient Rome) = Asafetida (Spices).

SINAPI (ancient Rome) = MUSTARD.

Sinapis alba = Mustard Seed (Yellow) (Spices).

SMALLAGE = wild celery (Apium graveolens); its leaf is much more bitter than modern celery, which was developed in the seventeenth century. The seed of this is Celery Seed (Spices).

Smilax officinalis =SARSAPARILLA.

SOUCHET (French) = Cyperus longus [we do not at present carry this].

SOUCI (French) = Calendula (Pot Marigold) (Spices).

SOWA (India) = Dill Seed (Spices).

SPANISH OREGANO = OREGANO, SPANISH.

SPANISH SAVORY = WINTER SAVORY.

Spearmint (Spices) = Mentha spicata.

SPICA INDICA (ancient Rome) = Spikenard (Spices).

SPIKE LAVENDER = Lavendula spica. [we do not at present carry this].

Spikenard (Spices) = Nardostachys jatamansi.

SRING-VERA (Sanskrit, ancient India, literally "horn-body") = Ginger (Spices).

Star Anise (Spices) = Illicium verum.

STERN ANIS (German) = Star Anise (Spices).

STINKING GUM = Asafetida (Spices).

STORACE (Italian) = STORAX.

STORAX = Styrax officinalis. The gum resin is used in incenses. [we do not at present carry this].

STORAX, LEVANT = LEVANT STORAX.

STORAX, LIQUID = LEVANT STORAX or SWEET GUM.

STYRAX (French) = STORAX.

Styrax benzoin = Gum Benzoin (Sweet Scents).

Styrax officinalis = STORAX.

Sumac Berries (Spices) = Rhus coriaria.

SUMMER SAVORY = Satureia hortenis. An annual herb, with a taste like MARJORAM.

SUPPENBLÄTTER (German) = Bay Leaf (Spices).

SÜSSHOLZ (German) = Licorice Root (Comfits and Sweets).

SWEET BASIL = BASIL.

SWEET BAY = Bay Leaf (Spices).

SWEET CHERVIL = SWEET CICELY.

SWEET CICELY = Myrrhis odorata. An aromatic plant; the leaves smell a little like Myrrh (Spices). A leaf or two cooked with foods such as rhubarb removes their acidity. [we do not at present carry this].

SWEET CUMIN = Anise Seed (Spices).

SWEET GALE = Myrica gale. Herb used since early times to flavour beer. [we do not at present carry this].

SWEET GUM = Liquidambar styraciflua. Grows in Central and North America. [we do not at present carry this].

SWEET LAUREL = Bay Leaf (Spices).

SWEETWOOD. Several flavourings have been known by this name, including Cinnamon (Spices) and Licorice Root (Comfits and Sweets).

SWEET WOODRUFF = WOODRUFF.

SYNAMONE (England, 15th Century) = Cinnamon (Ceylon) (Spices).

Syzygium aromaticum = Eugenia caryophylatta = Cloves (Spices).

SZALWIA LEKARSKA (Polish) = SAGE.

SZCZYPIOR (Polish) = CHIVES.

Szechuan Pepper (Spices) = Zanthoxylum piperitum.

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